The Inside Press

Magazines serving the communities of Northern Westchester

Holocaust remembrance

Holocaust Survivor Stories: As Told by the Next Generation

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(L-R) Ruth Bachner, Fred Bachner and Ellen Bachner Greenberg

Ellen Bachner Greenberg, a Scardale-based life coach, clearly remembers the first time she saw the Holocaust documentary, Night and Fog. She was 10-years-old, and tried to avert her eyes from the screen, which featured raw footage from the concentration camps.

All she saw were emaciated bodies and mass grave pits and she knew that both of her parents were Holocaust survivors who had endured unbelievable hardships. Greenberg recently spoke about her father, Fred, at Congregation B’nai Yisrael Synagogue (CBY) in Armonk as part of an initiative called GenerationsForward launched by the White Plains-based group The Holocaust and Human Rights Education Center (HHREC).

GenerationsForward was created two years ago. Members of the group are either 2nd or 3rd generation, meaning that they have a connection to the Holocaust through their parents or grandparents. All members participate in an 18-week workshop called ‘Safekeeping Stories’ which helps them learn how to “tell their family’s Holocaust story in a powerful yet concise manner that is suitable for school aged children as well as adult groups,” said Millie Jasper, HHREC’s Executive Director.

Members have had about 20 speaking engagements at synagogues, public and private schools as well as civic groups. Many of the speaking engagements including Greenberg’s coincided with Yom Hashoah, the annual Holocaust Remembrance Day in late April. Jasper said HHREC has received increased requests for speakers from local middle schools and high schools who have seen anti-Semitism or other hateful acts within their schools.

Greenberg’s father Fred was born in Berlin in 1925. Greenberg’s speech was interspersed with photos and video of her father who had participated in The Shoah Foundation’s taped video interviews with Holocaust survivors years ago. In 1935, Fred’s family was stripped of German citizenship as part of the Nuremberg laws and eventually exiled to Chrzanow, Poland when he was 15 years old. Everyone was forced to work and Fred eventually found a job delivering soda and beer to German Army posts, restaurants and even Trzebina, a labor camp.

In 1943, Chrzanow was evacuated by the Nazis and Fred was sent to a concentration camp. He eventually spent time in several concentration camps including Dachau and endured death marches.

Although Greenberg knew that her father had participated in the Shoah Foundation’s project she refused to watch the videotapes. “Those tapes were just too personal and painful for me,” but she had a change of heart following the death of Elie Weisel, an author who wrote prolifically about the Holocaust. When Greenberg initially watched the video footage of her father, she was struck by how many times he used the word ‘lucky.’ “I survived on hope,” he said in the video. Greenberg always marveled at her father’s optimism, perseverance and positive attitude that helped him rebuild a life in America.

Remarkably, Fred was reunited with his brother in Dauchau. His mother did not survive the war. In 1945, Fred and his brother were transported in a railroad car from Dachau that was eventually ambushed by English fighter planes. Fred and his brother decided to jump from the train and they did successfully escaping to freedom.

After the war, Fred and his brother lived in a displaced person camp in Munich. They also decided to return to Berlin where they reunited with their father. The family then immigrated to Washington Heights in Manhattan, an area that at the time was populated with many Holocaust survivors. Fred eventually found work as an automechanic and met Greenberg’s mother Ruth at a Hanukah party in 1951. Ruth also was a Holocaust survivor and had spent her time during the war in Belgium hidden in a convent.

The Bachners ultimately settled in Hartsdale, an area where very few survivors lived but Fred never forgot the experiences of his past. He was very involved in his temple, the Greenburgh Hebrew Center, and often retold his story at other HHREC events. Even prior to his death in 2008, he had purchased a marker for his tombstone that said Holocaust survivor.

Greenberg retold how her life in Hartsdale was a typical post-war suburban upbringing but there were “subtle ways” that her parents’ past was different from her peers. For example, every Thanksgiving her parents would steadfastly refuse to serve sweet potatoes because it reminded them of how they had survived on spoiled potatoes during the war, which eventually turn sweet when rancid.

Greenberg recounts how her father also fought Multiple Sclerosis and leukemia in his old age but whenever she called to speak to him, his reply was always the same. “What could be bad? The sun is out and the sky is blue.”

Other GenerationsForward speakers will be recounting their parents and grandparents stories in lectures throughout the county this year. For a list of speakers and upcoming events, visit www.hhrecny.org.

Stacey Pfeffer is a frequent contributor to The Inside Press; she has written several articles on the Holocaust.

A Snow Day to Remember … with Distinguished author Barbara Winton

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Barbara Winton enjoying the snow with the Saiontz boys.
Barbara Winton enjoying the snow with the Saiontz boys.

By Stacey Saiontz

During the blizzard, my family was snowed in with our very special house guest, Barbara Winton. Barbara Winton is the daughter of humanitarian Sir Nicholas Winton and Author of the book about his life titled If it is not Impossible. Ms. Winton was in New York, as she was one of the speakers at the United Nations Annual International Holocaust Remembrance Day ceremony.

Winton and I had been in touch a few years prior. As the granddaughter of Holocaust survivors, I serve as the Co-Chair of the Museum of Jewish Heritage’s Annual Spring Ladies Luncheon. Each year we honor a female Holocaust Survivor. A couple years ago, the honoree, Hanna Slome, attributed her story of survival to being one of “Nicky’s children” and explained that she was saved from the Nazis by being put on the Kindertransport from Prague to England that was set up by Sir Nicholas Winton.

In 1938, Sir Nicholas Winton, a stock broker in London, England responded to a request from his friend Martin Blake to join him in Prague. Blake had gone to Prague to help the Jewish refugees who had fled to Prague after Germany annexed the Sudetenland.  After viewing the situation in Prague, Winton decided he needed to find a way to help the children. At the time, Kindertransports were helping children leave Germany and Austria to travel to safety in England. However, no one had set up a way to help the Czech children. Winton convinced the Home Office in England to agree to allow Czech children to be evacuated to England. The Home Office required a foster family to look after the children and a monetary amount to assist with repatriation at the end of the war.

Winton successfully organized eight trainloads of children, saving 669 children. The last train, the largest yet, was cancelled right before its departure as Germany invaded Poland resulting in the Czech border being closed. Unfortunately the majority of these children are thought to have died in concentration camps.

Although, Winton knew about her father’s work to save the Czech refugees, the mass public found out about his deeds in 1988, when a TV presenter in England discussed Winton’s rescue and announced on live TV that most of the audience in the studio were saved by Sir Nicholas Winton. It is estimated that there are approximately 6,000 people in this world who owe their existence to Sir Nicholas Winton.

While staying at our home, we organized a dinner honoring Ms. Winton. Three of her father’s “children” along with several Ambassadors joined us.  It was so moving to see the “children” interact with Ms. Winton.  Winton explained that while her father decided to organize the rescue mission because it was the right thing to do, he did not realize at the time the impact he would have on the childrens’ lives. It was not until meeting the “children” as adults that he realized how important his actions were on the “children’s” lives. May we all be inspired by the Sir Nicholas Wintons of the world to act ethically and try to make a difference in the lives of others.

Stacey Saiontz, a lawyer living in Chappaqua with her husband and two sons, is the co-chair of the Associates Board of the Museum of Jewish Heritage-A Living Memorial to the Holocaust; a board member of the Auschwitz Jewish Center Foundation; and a member of the Next Generation Board of the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum. She is also a Committee member of the Chappaqua Cure in our Lifetime and serves on the Advocacy board of FARE, the Food Allergy non-profit.

A Personal Tribute to Jan Karski

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circle pixBy Francesca Hagadus

When I left the exhibit “One Man Who Tried to Stop the Holocaust” describing the courage of Jan Karski, I couldn’t help but be struck by how much of my life I owed to him.

The exhibit, sponsored by the Holocaust and Human Rights Education Center, ran in November and early December at the Iona College Art Center. It illustrates the life of Jan Karski with period photos, and is supported by exhibits of haunting art by Sheila Kimmelman and political cartoons lampooning Roosevelt for ignoring Karski’s warning and pleas for help to stop the Nazi genocide plan.

Karski was born in Lodz (pronounced WOULDGE), Poland in 1914. My mother, Maria Rozenberg (Hagadus) was born 13 years later, also in Lodz, a multi-cultural city with a population of one-third Polish Catholic, one third Jewish and the last third German and Russian citizens. My mother attended the Ursuline Academy, run by the Ursuline order of nuns, along with other Jewish girls. When Hitler invaded Poland in 1939, he overtook Lodz a few weeks later on Sept. 14.

My mother, at 12 years of age was no longer allowed to attend school. My grandfather owned and operated a textile factory, one of the main industries in Lodz. Sometime after the occupation, my grandparents were “taken away,” as my mother put it. She never elaborated. However, she had Catholic identity papers issued by the Polish Underground State of which Jan Karski was a key figure. He had infiltrated ghettos and concentration camps at great personal risk. He pleadingly reported to Franklin D. Roosevelt the dire situation of the Jews in Poland. He was ignored.

My mother, by then 15 years old, used her identity papers to hide in plain sight. She made her way to Germany as a displaced person, to France, and finally to the United States. She married my American father, Ronald Hagadus, in 1950 and lived in Westchester County until her death in 2014. As a fellow citizen of Lodz, my mother went with my father to New York to meet Jan Karski at the hotel where he lived and had written his memoirs, Story of a Secret State, published in 1944.

My mother considered herself both a Pole and an American. She and my father became trustees of the Kosciuszko Foundation in New York City. An artist in her own right, she exhibited her work worldwide, and promoted young Polish artists.

The profits from her exhibits were used to organize food and medicine to be sent to Poland during the Solidarity movement. She very much reflected the multi-cultural city into which she and Jan Karski had been born.

Visitors to the Jan Karski exhibit at the Iona College Art Center
Visitors to the Jan Karski exhibit at the Iona College Art Center

Jan Karski received his Ph.D. from Georgetown University in 1952, where he taught Eastern European Studies in the School of Foreign Service until his retirement in 1992. I began my university studies at Georgetown in 1971, receiving my B.S. and M.A. in Foreign Languages and Russian Studies, in 1975 and 1977. Students fought to register for Karski’s classes.

Upon his death in 2012, Georgetown University Press reissued Story of a Secret State. A bench with a lifelike seated figure of Jan Karski was erected on the Georgetown campus so that students could continue to be seated with Professor Karski.

Jan Karski was not able to stop the Holocaust. Nevertheless, his tireless, often terrifying effort with the Polish Underground State allowed my mother to survive, flourish and raise her children to embrace education, freedom, service and tolerance.

Francesca Hagadus recently retired after 32 years of teaching French and Spanish at the Robert E. Bell School and at Horace Greeley High School. In her early years of teaching, she led numerous tours to France and Spain with her 8th grade students. She continues to travel as much as possible. She currently hosts international students studying  English at EF Language School in Tarrytown, and teaches English online to EF students. She has numerous free-lance jobs involving both French and Spanish. She is an avid skier with the Swiss Ski Club of New York, and a frequent visitor to MOMA. She lives in Pleasantville with her two sons, Timothy and Thomas.